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Updated: Oct 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Polyfunctionality and Heterogeneity in Immune Responses
Published on: March 8, 2024
Cytokine Storm and Immunomodulation in COVID-19
1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Columbia Asia, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:
COVID-19 has become a major pandemic in recent times. The exact pathophysiology and understanding of cytokine storm and immunomodulation are evolving. Various cytokines have been implicated in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. Immunosuppressant immunomodulators like steroids, canakinumab, anakinra, tocilizumab, sarilumab, baricitinib, ruxolitinib, bevacizumab, and itolizumab have been tried. Immunostimulant immunomodulators like interferons (IFNs) and Mycobacterium w (Mw) have also been repurposed. Considering the role of multiple cytokines implicated in COVID-19, molecules working on the majority of the targets, may hold a promising future prospect.
How To Cite This Article:
Rangappa P. Cytokine Storm and Immunomodulation in COVID-19. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021;25(11):1288-1291.
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