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Problem Gambling and Problem Gaming in Elite Athletes: a Literature Review.

Anders Håkansson1,2,3, N Durand-Bush4,5, G Kenttä4,6,7

  • 1Dept. of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction
|December 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Elite athletes show concerning rates of problem gambling, with limited research on gaming disorder. More studies are needed to understand these mental health issues in athletes.

Keywords:
Behavioral addictionElite athleteGambling disorderGaming disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Psychiatry
  • Behavioral Addiction

Background:

  • Mental health concerns, including problem gambling, are rising in elite athletes.
  • Research on gambling and gaming disorder in elite athletes is scarce compared to student-athletes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review existing research on the prevalence and correlates of problem gambling and problem gaming in elite athletes.
  • To identify knowledge gaps regarding behavioral addictions in this specific population.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search conducted across Scopus, PsycINFO, and PubMed/MEDLINE databases.
  • Study selection and evaluation followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Only eight reports on problem gambling and one on problem gaming were identified for elite athletes.
  • Several studies suggest a higher risk of problem gambling in elite athletes versus the general population, though one study contradicted this.
  • Problem gambling appears more prevalent in male elite athletes; data on gaming disorder is very limited.

Conclusions:

  • There is a significant need for more research into problem gambling and gaming disorder among elite athletes.
  • Understanding the prevalence and risk factors for these behavioral addictions is crucial for athlete well-being.