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Related Concept Videos

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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
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The Circadian Clock in Lepidoptera.

Daniel Brady1, Alessio Saviane2, Silvia Cappellozza2

  • 1Department of Biology, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy.

Frontiers in Physiology
|December 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) possess circadian clocks crucial for development, mating, and migration. Understanding these biological clocks aids pest control and improves farming of beneficial species.

Keywords:
Lepidopterabeneficial insectscircadian behaviorscircadian clocklarval circadian clockpest insects

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Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Insect Ecology
  • Molecular Genetics

Background:

  • Lepidoptera, comprising butterflies and moths, are a highly diverse insect order with significant ecological and economic roles.
  • Circadian clocks in Lepidoptera were first localized to the brain in the 1970s, with later studies revealing unique molecular components compared to other insects.
  • Recent advancements, including Omic technologies, have generated substantial data on Lepidopteran circadian clocks, particularly in pest and beneficial species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of the molecular and anatomical organization of circadian clocks in Lepidoptera.
  • To highlight the role of circadian clocks in controlling key Lepidopteran phenotypes such as development, mating, and migration.
  • To discuss the ecological significance of circadian clocks, including their interaction with plant-feeding behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Lepidopteran circadian rhythms and clock mechanisms.
  • Analysis of molecular and anatomical data from various Lepidoptera species.
  • Integration of findings from behavioral studies, genetic research, and Omic datasets.

Main Results:

  • Identification and description of various behavioral circadian rhythms in Lepidoptera.
  • Elucidation of the circadian clock's control over developmental, mating, and migratory behaviors.
  • Detailed examination of the ecological interplay between Lepidopteran feeding behavior and circadian rhythms.

Conclusions:

  • Characterizing Lepidopteran circadian clocks offers valuable insights into their biology and ecology.
  • This knowledge can be applied to develop effective strategies for pest control.
  • Understanding circadian mechanisms can also optimize the rearing of economically important Lepidoptera species.