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Bacterial Phylum Tenericutes01:24

Bacterial Phylum Tenericutes

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The phylum Tenericutes, which includes the single class Mollicutes, comprises bacteria that lack cell walls. The term "Mollicutes" derives from the Latin word mollis, meaning "soft." These organisms are among the smallest known and are commonly referred to as mycoplasmas due to the prominence of the genus Mycoplasma, which includes well-known human pathogens. Despite their inability to stain gram-positively (a result of their lack of cell walls), mycoplasmas are phylogenetically related to the...
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Comprehensive Compositional Analysis of the Slit Lamp Bacteriota.

Birgit Fritz1, Edita Paschko1, Wayne Young2

  • 1Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Precision Medicine, Microbiology and Hygiene Group, Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
|December 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Slit lamps harbor diverse bacteria from human skin and mucosa. While methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was not detected, regular disinfection is crucial to prevent infections.

Keywords:
16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencingIllumina MiSeq ®MRSAeyehygienemicrobiota (16S)

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Infection Control

Background:

  • Slit lamps are essential diagnostic tools used daily in high-throughput clinical settings.
  • Previous studies using cultivation methods indicated slit lamp contamination with various bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus.
  • The hygienic relevance of slit lamps as fomites, especially in shared use, necessitates a deeper understanding of their microbial communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively characterize the slit lamp bacteriota using cultivation-independent methods.
  • To assess the hygienic implications of slit lamp microbial contamination.
  • To screen for the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Main Methods:

  • 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on 82 samples from 46 slit lamps across two tertiary care centers.
  • Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were analyzed to identify bacterial phyla and genera.
  • Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to screen for MRSA.

Main Results:

  • The analysis revealed a diverse bacterial microbiota predominantly of human skin, mucosa, and eye origin, with Cutibacterium, Staphylococcus, and Corynebacterium species being most abundant.
  • A total of 3369 ASVs, representing 19 bacterial phyla and 468 genera, were identified across all samples.
  • No methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was detected above the limit of detection.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first extensive cultivation-independent insight into the slit lamp microbiota.
  • Slit lamps host a diverse, skin-associated bacterial community.
  • Thorough cleaning and disinfection protocols after each use are strongly recommended to mitigate the risk of eye and skin infections.