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Updated: Oct 11, 2025

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
Published on: January 24, 2020
Estimation of cognitive reserve and its impact on cognitive performance in older adults
Carolina Feldberg1, Juan Pablo Barreyro2, Maria Florencia Tartaglini1
1National Scientific and Technical, Research Council- INEBA, CONICET-INEBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Objectives:
Cognitive reserve provides evidence in the search for answers regarding the role that lifestyle has in the protection of cognition in old age. Through a structural equations model, different things were analyzed: the relative weight of education, occupational complexity, free time activities and the intelligence quotient in cognitive reserve; and its impact on three cognitive domains: memory, language and executive functions.
Design:
A trail analysis was executed, using structural equations procedure.
Participants:
167 older participants (mean = 76.74 years, standard deviation = 6.8 years).
Measurements:
Participants were assessed with: Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Occupational Activity Agency Questionnaire, Social Participation Questionnaire and Neuropsychological Evaluation Battery for: memory, language and executive functions.
Results:
The cognitive reserve factor is well represented by the measures included, with values between .43 and .86, and shows a direct effect on language (β = .52, p < .001), executive functions (β = .77, p <.001), and memory (β = .36, p = .003).
Conclusions:
In conclusion, lifestyle factors, such as education, occupational complexity, leisure time activities and intelligence quotient have an impact on the conformation of cognitive reserve and performance in some psychological processes.
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