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Acetyltransferase in humans: development and tissue distribution.

G M Pacifici, C Bencini, A Rane

    Pharmacology
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Human fetal and adult tissues exhibit significant acetyltransferase activity, crucial for metabolizing p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). Adult liver and intestinal mucosa show the highest activity, indicating important metabolic roles across development.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Pharmacology
    • Human Physiology

    Background:

    • Acetyltransferase enzymes play a vital role in xenobiotic and endogenous compound metabolism.
    • Understanding tissue-specific expression and activity of acetyltransferases is crucial for drug metabolism and toxicity studies.
    • p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) serves as a substrate for investigating acetyltransferase activity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate and compare acetyltransferase activity using p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) as a substrate.
    • To analyze the distribution and levels of this enzymatic activity in various human fetal and adult tissues.
    • To identify potential developmental differences in PABA acetylation capacity.

    Main Methods:

    • Cytosolic fractions were prepared from human fetal tissues (placenta, liver, adrenals, lungs, kidneys, intestine) and adult tissues (liver, lungs, kidneys, intestinal mucosa).

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  • Acetyltransferase activity was assayed using p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) as the substrate.
  • Enzyme activity was quantified and expressed as nanomoles of product formed per minute per milligram of protein (nmol/min/mg protein).

    • Main Results:

    • Significant acetyltransferase activity was detected in all investigated human fetal and adult tissues.
    • Adult liver cytosol exhibited the highest activity (3.87 +/- 0.53 nmol/min/mg protein), followed by adult intestinal mucosa (3.80 +/- 0.34 nmol/min/mg protein).
    • Among fetal tissues, adrenals showed the highest activity (2.36 +/- 0.78 nmol/min/mg protein), while the fetal gut had the lowest (0.71 +/- 0.11 nmol/min/mg protein).

    Conclusions:

    • Acetyltransferase activity is present across a wide range of human fetal and adult tissues.
    • The liver and intestinal mucosa demonstrate the highest capacity for PABA acetylation in adults.
    • These findings highlight the importance of acetyltransferases in human metabolism throughout development and in specific organs.