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Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method
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Making protons tag along with electrons.

Matthew J Guberman-Pfeffer1,2, Nikhil S Malvankar1,2

  • 1Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, U.S.A.

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Soil microbes use extracellular electron transfer (EET) for energy. Researchers engineered periplasmic cytochromes (Ppc) to improve electron transport in nanowires, advancing bioenergy applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bioenergetics
  • Protein Engineering

Background:

  • Living cells require electron removal during metabolism.
  • Geobacter sulfurreducens uses extracellular electron transfer (EET) via nanowires in anaerobic environments.
  • Previously, nanowires were thought to be pili, but are now known to be multiheme cytochromes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanism of electron transfer to extracellular nanowires in Geobacter sulfurreducens.
  • To determine the role of periplasmic cytochromes (Ppc) in facilitating electron transport for EET.
  • To engineer Ppc proteins to enable efficient electron/proton transfer.

Main Methods:

  • Protein engineering by selectively replacing aromatic with aliphatic residues in PpcB and PpcE.
  • In vitro studies to assess the function of engineered Ppc proteins.

Main Results:

  • Successfully engineered PpcB and PpcE to couple electron/proton transfer.
  • Demonstrated the potential for Ppc proteins to mediate electron transfer to nanowires.

Conclusions:

  • Periplasmic cytochromes are key components in the electron transfer pathway to extracellular nanowires.
  • Protein engineering of Ppc offers a strategy to optimize bioenergetic processes.
  • This research has implications for bioenergy, biofuels, and bioelectronics.