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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

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Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
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Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

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Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
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Articulations of the Vertebral Column01:28

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In addition to being held together by the intervertebral discs, adjacent vertebrae also articulate with each other at synovial joints formed between the superior and inferior articular processes called zygapophysial joints (facet joints). These are plane joints that provide for only limited motions between the vertebrae. The orientation of the articular processes at these joints varies in different regions of the vertebral column and serves to determine the types of motions available in each...
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Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Structural Classification of Joints01:20

Structural Classification of Joints

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Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 11, 2025

A Morphometric and Cellular Analysis Method for the Murine Mandibular Condyle
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Structure-function relationships of TMJ lateral capsule-ligament complex.

Cherice N Hill1, Matthew C Coombs1, Sarah E Cisewski2

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States; Department of Oral Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.

Journal of Biomechanics
|December 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The human temporomandibular joint lateral capsule ligament complex has distinct anterior and posterior regions, with males exhibiting higher collagen content. These findings are crucial for understanding temporomandibular joint disorders.

Keywords:
Extracellular matrix compositionSecond harmonic generation microscopyTemporomandibular joint disordersTissue biomechanicsTissue ultrastructure

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy and Biomechanics
  • Biochemistry
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • The human temporomandibular joint (TMJ) lateral capsule ligament (LCL) complex structure is debated, requiring further investigation into its role in TMJ anatomy and mechanics.
  • Understanding regional and sex-specific differences in the LCL complex is essential for evaluating potential etiological mechanisms of TMJ disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the ultrastructural arrangement, biomechanical tensile properties, and biochemical composition of the human LCL complex.
  • To identify region-specific differences, particularly the presence of a distinct temporomandibular ligament.
  • To investigate sex-specific differences within the LCL complex.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of ultrastructural arrangement, biomechanical properties, and biochemical composition using cadaveric TMJ samples.
  • Statistical modeling to assess sex- and region-specific effects on LCL complex tissue properties.

Main Results:

  • Collagen fiber coherency, bundle size, and elastin fiber count did not significantly differ between sexes, though females trended higher in elastin.
  • Collagen content was significantly higher in the anterior LCL region compared to the posterior region, and higher in males than females.
  • Anterior LCL complex exhibited significantly greater failure stress than the posterior region.

Conclusions:

  • Regional differences confirm the existence of a mechanically and compositionally distinct temporomandibular ligament within the LCL complex.
  • Baseline sex-specific differences in LCL collagen content are critical for investigating sex disparities in TMJ disorders.
  • These findings provide essential baseline tissue properties for TMJ musculoskeletal models and etiological research into temporomandibular disorders.