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Updated: Oct 11, 2025

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
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Food allergy across the globe.

Vanitha Sampath1, Elissa M Abrams2, Bahman Adlou1

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The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|December 7, 2021
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Summary

Food allergy (FA) prevalence is rising globally. Recent guidelines now recommend early introduction of allergenic foods and diverse maternal diets for allergy prevention, alongside new diagnostic tools and treatments.

Keywords:
Food allergyepidemiologyguidelinespreventiontreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Global prevalence of food allergy (FA) is increasing, necessitating improved prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.
  • Understanding of FA causes and mechanisms has advanced, leading to updated clinical guidelines.
  • Previous guidelines advised allergen avoidance during pregnancy/lactation and delayed introduction in children, contrasting with current recommendations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the global prevalence of food allergy.
  • To discuss current understanding of food allergy causes and mechanisms.
  • To outline the latest guidelines for food allergy prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, including comparisons.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of global food allergy prevalence.
  • Synthesis of current research on food allergy etiology.
  • Analysis and comparison of international food allergy prevention, diagnosis, and treatment guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Significant global increase in food allergy prevalence noted.
  • Shift in prevention strategies towards early allergen introduction and diverse maternal diets.
  • Development of novel diagnostic tools and the first approved oral immunotherapy drug for FA.

Conclusions:

  • Evolving understanding of food allergy necessitates updated guidelines for prevention, diagnosis, and therapy.
  • Early allergen introduction and diverse diets are key components of modern allergy prevention strategies.
  • Advancements in diagnostics and therapeutics offer new hope for managing food allergies worldwide.