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Noncoding RNAs: emerging players in skin cancers pathogenesis

Lin Li1, Suliman Khan2,3, Song Li1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450053, Henan, China.

American Journal of Cancer Research
|December 7, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This review explores noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, in skin cancer development. Understanding these molecules offers new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for skin malignancies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Skin malignancies are globally prevalent cancers with increasing incidence.
  • They are broadly categorized into melanoma and nonmelanoma types (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma).
  • The human genome contains a vast noncoding transcriptome, with noncoding RNAs playing crucial roles in cellular processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on the role of noncoding RNAs in skin cancer pathogenesis.
  • To highlight microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs as key players in skin malignancies.
  • To explore the potential of noncoding RNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for skin cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current studies on noncoding RNAs and skin cancer.
  • Analysis of the involvement of microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs in skin cancer development.
  • Synthesis of findings regarding the functional roles of these noncoding RNAs.

Main Results:

  • Alterations in noncoding RNA expression are intrinsically linked to human cancers, including skin malignancies.
  • MicroRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs are significantly involved in the pathogenesis of skin cancers.
  • Investigating the noncoding transcriptome provides insights into cancer mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Noncoding RNAs are critical regulators of cellular processes and are implicated in skin cancer development.
  • Targeting noncoding RNAs presents a promising avenue for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in dermatology and oncology.
  • Further research into noncoding RNAs can advance our understanding and treatment of skin malignancies.
Keywords:
Skin cancercircRNAlncRNAmicroRNA

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