[Rare, but existing clinical entity - the neuroendocrine cancer of the bladder]

The neuoroendocrine cancer of the bladder is a rare tumor, and from this entity the well-differentiated tumors with favorable prognosis, the paraganglioma with unfavorable prognosis, small and large cell types of tumors should be emphasized. From the methods of the anticancer therapies operation can be eligible by itself in the first group but in the second group should form only the part of the multimodal treatment. Radiotherapy plays a role only in the treatment of the small and large cell tumors and during the treatment of these tumors the administration of the cytostatic drugs is also essential (mainly platina derivates). Somatostatin analogs, immune checkpoint inhibitors could be beneficial in special cases and some tumor agnostic treatment can be useful as well. Moreover, the palliative treatment should represent an important modality even in the early treatment period but it should also be provided when no other treatment options are left.