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Updated: Oct 11, 2025

Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation
Published on: May 2, 2013
Adverse effects of immunosuppression after liver transplantation
Johan Noble1, Florian Terrec1, Paolo Malvezzi1
1Nephrology, Hemodialysis, Apheresis and Kidney Transplantation Department, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France.
Abstract:
After solid organ transplantation the cornerstone of immunosuppression is based on calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), mostly tacrolimus. However, CNIs have a very narrow therapeutic window. The most important and serious side-effects of CNIs are nephrotoxicity, high blood pressure, post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTMD), i.e., new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT), dyslipidemia, and modification to the cardiovascular-risk profile. In this review, we will focus on tacrolimus-related toxicities in the setting of liver transplantation.
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