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Analysis of the vergence facility test using different prismatic dioptric powers.

Diana Soriano Pina1,2, Elvira Orduna-Hospital1,3, Carmen López-de-la-Fuente3,4

  • 1Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research and Innovative Group, Aragon Institute for Health Research, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.

Clinical & Experimental Optometry
|December 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The 3BI/12BO prism combination is most effective for vergence facility (VF) testing across all ages, with performance improving with age and near vision yielding higher results than distance vision.

Keywords:
Binocular visionfusional vergencesprismatic flippersprismatic powervergence facility

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Area of Science:

  • Optometry and Vision Science
  • Pediatric Optometry
  • Binocular Vision Assessment

Background:

  • The vergence facility (VF) test is a crucial component of optometric examinations.
  • Optimal prismatic power combinations for the VF test, particularly in children, remain debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the vergence facility (VF) test using three distinct prismatic power combinations.
  • To determine the most effective prismatic power combination for the VF test across different age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed the VF of 122 healthy individuals across four age groups.
  • Utilized three prismatic flipper combinations: 8Δ base-in/8Δ base-out (8BI/8BOΔ), 3BI/12BOΔ, and 5BI/15BOΔ.
  • Measured vergence facility in cycles per minute (cpm) for both near and distance vision.

Main Results:

  • Vergence facility (VF) performance, measured in cpm, increased with age.
  • Youngest participants (mean age 6.69 years) exhibited the lowest cpm values, while adults (mean age 28.67 years) showed the highest.
  • Near vision testing consistently yielded higher cpm values than distance vision testing across all age groups and prism combinations.

Conclusions:

  • Vergence facility (VF) improves with age, with optimal performance observed in adults.
  • The 3BI/12BOΔ prismatic power combination demonstrated superior results for both near and distance vision across all tested age groups.
  • Near vision assessments provide higher vergence facility (VF) values compared to distance vision assessments.