Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Subviral Agents01:29

Subviral Agents

933
Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
933
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

58
Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
58

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Early innate immune signatures correlate with Ad26.COV2.S vaccine durability and protective efficacy.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Am80-lipid nanoparticles serve as an enteric mucosal adjuvant following parenteral immunization with inactivated polio vaccine.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Distinct phases of immune system programming during ART-suppressed immunodeficiency virus infection.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Displayed and encoded antigens on adenovirus vectors optimize humoral and cellular immune responses in rhesus macaques.

Journal of virology·2026
Same author

Phase 1 and preclinical studies reveal safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of intranasal delivery of the influenza antibody CR9114.

Science translational medicine·2026
Same author

Initial sites of SIV rebound after antiretroviral treatment cessation in rhesus macaques.

Nature microbiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Analysis of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-specific CD8+ T-cells in Rhesus Macaques by Peptide-MHC-I Tetramer Staining
06:25

Analysis of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-specific CD8+ T-cells in Rhesus Macaques by Peptide-MHC-I Tetramer Staining

Published on: December 23, 2016

9.3K

Long-acting capsid inhibitor protects macaques from repeat SHIV challenges.

Samuel J Vidal1,2, Elena Bekerman3, Derek Hansen3

  • 1Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Nature
|December 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A single dose of GS-CA1, a novel small-molecule HIV capsid inhibitor, provided long-term protection against HIV challenges in a primate model. This long-acting pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) strategy shows promise for preventing HIV infection.

More Related Videos

Preparation and Gene Modification of Nonhuman Primate Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
11:16

Preparation and Gene Modification of Nonhuman Primate Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells

Published on: February 15, 2019

7.8K
Transduction and Expansion of Primary T Cells in Nine Days with Maintenance of Central Memory Phenotype
08:49

Transduction and Expansion of Primary T Cells in Nine Days with Maintenance of Central Memory Phenotype

Published on: March 18, 2020

11.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 4, 2026

Analysis of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-specific CD8+ T-cells in Rhesus Macaques by Peptide-MHC-I Tetramer Staining
06:25

Analysis of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-specific CD8+ T-cells in Rhesus Macaques by Peptide-MHC-I Tetramer Staining

Published on: December 23, 2016

9.3K
Preparation and Gene Modification of Nonhuman Primate Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
11:16

Preparation and Gene Modification of Nonhuman Primate Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells

Published on: February 15, 2019

7.8K
Transduction and Expansion of Primary T Cells in Nine Days with Maintenance of Central Memory Phenotype
08:49

Transduction and Expansion of Primary T Cells in Nine Days with Maintenance of Central Memory Phenotype

Published on: March 18, 2020

11.2K

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Currently, no vaccine prevents HIV infection, making pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with antiretrovirals (ARVs) crucial.
  • Long-acting ARVs offer an advantage over daily regimens by reducing administration frequency.
  • GS-CA1 is a potent small-molecule HIV capsid inhibitor effective against diverse HIV strains, including resistant variants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the long-term protective efficacy of a single subcutaneous administration of GS-CA1 against repeated simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) challenges in rhesus macaques.
  • To determine the pharmacokinetic profile and correlate drug concentration with protection.

Main Methods:

  • Rhesus macaques received a single subcutaneous dose of GS-CA1 (300 mg/kg).
  • Animals were subjected to repeated weekly rectal SHIV challenges for 24 weeks.
  • Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed to measure GS-CA1 plasma concentrations and correlate them with protection.

Main Results:

  • A single 300 mg/kg dose of GS-CA1 provided 97% per-exposure infection risk reduction for 24 weeks.
  • All control animals became infected after 15 weekly challenges.
  • GS-CA1 plasma levels above twice the 95% effective concentration conferred 100% protection in this model.

Conclusions:

  • GS-CA1 demonstrates long-term efficacy as a single-dose subcutaneous injection for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in a primate model.
  • The study supports the development of HIV capsid inhibitors as a novel long-acting PrEP strategy.
  • Pharmacokinetic data indicate a strong correlation between GS-CA1 concentration and protection against SHIV infection.