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The Carbon Cycle01:14

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Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
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Sustainable Development01:43

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As the human population continues to grow and use resources, we must be mindful of our planet’s natural limits. Sustainable development provides a pathway to maintain and improve human life now while also ensuring that future generations will have the resources that they need. The long-term success of sustainability efforts rests on understanding the interplay between human actions and ecological systems.
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Environmental Applications of Microorganisms01:30

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Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
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As the construction industry moves towards more eco-friendly practices, concrete's adaptability and its ability to incorporate sustainable features make it a key material in the drive towards greener building solutions.
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Carbon-dioxide Fixation01:28

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Carbon dioxide fixation in prokaryotes enables the assimilation of inorganic carbon into organic molecules, supporting biosynthetic pathways, sustaining ecosystems, and contributing to the global carbon cycle. It also has industrial applications in carbon capture and bioproduct synthesis. Autotrophic organisms rely on this process to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source in diverse environments.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin cycle is the most widespread carbon fixation mechanism, primarily used by...
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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
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Technologies and perspectives for achieving carbon neutrality.

Fang Wang1,2, Jean Damascene Harindintwali1,2, Zhizhang Yuan3,2

  • 1CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.

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Summary

Achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 requires innovative technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and capture carbon dioxide. This review explores solutions in renewable energy, food systems, waste valorization, and carbon sinks for sustainable development.

Keywords:
carbon capture and utilizationcarbon footprint reductioncarbon neutralitycarbon sequestrationclimate change mitigationrenewable energy

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Climate Change Mitigation
  • Sustainable Development

Background:

  • Industrial Revolution led to resource overexploitation and increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
  • Anthropogenic activities, including fossil fuel use and deforestation, drive global climate change.
  • Achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 is a critical global imperative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review innovative technologies for achieving carbon neutrality.
  • To explore solutions for reducing GHG emissions and enhancing CO2 capture.
  • To promote sustainable development through technological advancements.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of innovative technologies.
  • Analysis of solutions in renewable energy production.
  • Examination of advancements in food systems, waste valorization, C sink conservation, and C-negative manufacturing.

Main Results:

  • Identified diverse technologies across multiple sectors contributing to carbon neutrality.
  • Highlighted the potential of renewable energy, sustainable food systems, and waste valorization.
  • Emphasized the role of C sink conservation and C-negative manufacturing.

Conclusions:

  • Innovative technologies are crucial for mitigating climate change and achieving carbon neutrality.
  • A multi-faceted approach integrating energy, food, waste, and manufacturing is necessary.
  • Further development and implementation of these technologies are vital for a sustainable future.