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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Ionized porous organic polymers (i-POPs) combine high surface areas with tunable properties for advanced applications. This review highlights their synthesis and diverse uses in areas like catalysis and ion conduction.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Porous organic polymers (POPs) offer tunable properties and high surface areas for advanced materials.
  • Integrating polyelectrolyte characteristics into POPs (i-POPs) presents new application opportunities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the synthetic strategies and applications of ionized porous organic polymers (i-POPs).
  • To explore the relationship between i-POP structure, properties, and performance in various applications.

Main Methods:

  • Illustrating representative ionic building blocks and charged functional groups for i-POP construction.
  • Detailing direct synthesis and post-modification methods for amorphous and crystalline i-POPs.

Main Results:

  • i-POPs exhibit distinct performances in adsorption, separation, catalysis, sensing, ion conduction, and biomedical applications.
  • Surface chemistry, ionic interaction, and pore confinement cooperatively enhance i-POP performance.

Conclusions:

  • i-POPs represent a promising class of materials with significant potential across multiple scientific domains.
  • Further research into remaining challenges and opportunities will drive the development of i-POPs.