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Neurodevelopmental profiles of infants born <30 weeks gestation at 2 years of age

Marie Camerota1,2, Elisabeth C McGowan3, Julie A Hofheimer4

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. marie_camerota@brown.edu.

Pediatric Research
|December 9, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This study identified four distinct neurodevelopmental profiles in infants born before 30 weeks postmenstrual age. These profiles integrate cognitive, language, motor, and behavioral outcomes for targeted interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal research
  • Developmental pediatrics
  • Child psychology

Background:

  • Infants born before 30 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) face heightened risks of neurodevelopmental impairment by age 2.
  • Previous research often analyzed individual neurodevelopmental outcomes separately.
  • A comprehensive approach is needed to understand the complex profiles of these vulnerable children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the neurodevelopmental profiles of children born before 30 weeks PMA.
  • To integrate cognitive, language, motor, and behavioral outcomes into distinct profiles.
  • To identify subgroups of very preterm infants with specific developmental and behavioral patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to group 587 children born before 30 weeks PMA.
  • Age 2 outcomes included Bayley-III scores, Child Behavior Checklist scores, cerebral palsy (CP) diagnosis, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk screening.
  • Children were categorized into mutually exclusive neurodevelopmental profiles.

Main Results:

  • Four distinct neurodevelopmental profiles were identified, reflecting varied combinations of outcomes.
  • Over 72% of the sample fell into two profiles with generally normal Bayley scores.
  • The remaining 27.3% were in two profiles with scores outside the normal range; only 11% had elevated behavioral problems.

Conclusions:

  • Child-centered analysis reveals distinct neurodevelopmental profiles in very preterm infants.
  • These profiles integrate multiple developmental and behavioral domains.
  • Such approaches can inform targeted interventions and improve understanding for caregivers and practitioners.
Abstract

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