Aseptic meningitis after SARS-CoV-2 Pfizer/BioNTech vaccination

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Vaccinology
• Immunology

Background:

• The Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccine is a widely used mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.
• Aseptic meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges not caused by bacterial infection.
• While rare, vaccine-associated adverse events require thorough investigation.

Observation:

• A 34-year-old woman presented with severe headache and fever following her second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine.
• Extensive diagnostic work-up was performed to rule out other causes of her symptoms.
• The patient's symptoms were successfully treated with methylprednisolone therapy.

Findings:

• This case represents the first reported instance of aseptic meningitis occurring after the second dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine.
• The clinical presentation and diagnostic findings were consistent with vaccine-induced aseptic meningitis.
• Resolution of symptoms following corticosteroid treatment supports the diagnosis.

Implications:

• Healthcare providers, particularly primary care physicians and neurologists, should consider aseptic meningitis in patients presenting with relevant symptoms post-vaccination.
• Early recognition and appropriate management, such as corticosteroid therapy, are crucial for favorable patient outcomes.
• This case contributes to the understanding of rare neurological side effects associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.