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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 10, 2025

Field Postmortem Rabies Rapid Immunochromatographic Diagnostic Test for Resource-Limited Settings with Further Molecular Applications

Field Postmortem Rabies Rapid Immunochromatographic Diagnostic Test for Resource-Limited Settings with Further Molecular Applications

Published on: June 29, 2020

Lateral flow devices for samples collected by straw sampling method for postmortem canine rabies diagnosis.

Milagros R Mananggit¹, Daria L Manalo², Nobuo Saito^3,4

¹Regional Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Agriculture Field Office III, San Fernando, Pampanga, Philippines.

Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases

|December 9, 2021

Summary

A new straw sampling method using lateral flow devices (LFD) offers a rapid and accurate alternative for canine rabies diagnosis. This simpler approach shows high sensitivity and 100% specificity, aiding surveillance in remote areas.

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Last Updated: Oct 10, 2025

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Published on: April 30, 2019

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Diagnostics
Infectious Disease Surveillance
Public Health

Background:

The direct fluorescent antibody test (dFAT) is the standard for animal rabies diagnosis but requires skull opening, limiting its use in resource-limited settings.
Rabies remains a significant public health concern, necessitating accessible diagnostic tools for effective surveillance and control.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a lateral flow device (LFD) with a novel straw sampling method for post-mortem canine rabies diagnosis.
To compare the performance of the LFD straw sampling method against the standard dFAT procedure.

Main Methods:

A prospective on-site study was conducted using 97 rabies-suspected canine samples.
Samples were tested using both the LFD with straw sampling and the dFAT following skull opening.
Diagnostic accuracy metrics, including sensitivity and specificity, were calculated.

Main Results:

The LFD with straw sampling method demonstrated a sensitivity of 94.3% (95% CI, 84.3-98.8%) and a specificity of 100% (95% CI, 92.0-100%).
Out of 97 samples, 50 tested positive with LFD and 53 with dFAT.
The LFD method proved to be a simpler, less hazardous alternative to dFAT.

Conclusions:

The LFD combined with straw sampling is a highly sensitive and specific tool for canine rabies diagnosis, suitable for resource-limited settings.
This methodology can significantly enhance animal rabies surveillance, particularly in remote areas.
Further research with larger sample sizes and on-site fresh sample testing is recommended for broader implementation in endemic regions.