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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Knee Joint01:23

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
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Intraoperative control by Schanz-screws is inaccurate to achieve the exact amount of correction in de-rotational osteotomies.

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Is a synthetic augmentation in medial open wedge high tibial osteotomies superior to no augmentation in terms of bone-healing?

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Updated: Oct 10, 2025

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach
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[Osteotomy in patellofemoral malalignment].

Joerg Dickschas1

  • 1Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, SozialStiftung Bamberg, Germany.

Sportverletzung Sportschaden : Organ Der Gesellschaft Fur Orthopadisch-Traumatologische Sportmedizin
|December 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Axis deviations causing patellofemoral pain and instability can be corrected with osteotomy surgery. This treatment offers significant pain relief and restores patellofemoral stability.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomechanics
  • Sports medicine

Background:

  • Anterior knee pain and patellofemoral instability are common symptoms of patellofemoral dysbalance.
  • Axis deviations, including frontal plane valgus deformities and torsional deformities (femoral internal rotation, tibial external rotation), are increasingly recognized causes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of axis deviations in patellofemoral dysbalance.
  • To discuss osteotomy as the primary treatment for these deformities.
  • To highlight the outcomes of osteotomy in restoring patellofemoral function.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on axis deviations and patellofemoral dysbalance.
  • Description of surgical techniques for osteotomy (femoral and tibial) to correct valgus and torsional deformities.
  • Discussion of rehabilitation protocols and hardware removal timelines.

Main Results:

  • Osteotomy is the treatment of choice for correcting axis deviations causing patellofemoral dysbalance.
  • Varisation osteotomy addresses valgus deformities; torsional osteotomy corrects rotational issues.
  • Promising results reported, including significant pain reduction and improved patellofemoral stability post-surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Axis deviations are a significant factor in patellofemoral dysbalance.
  • Osteotomy provides an effective surgical solution for correcting these deviations.
  • Treatment leads to favorable outcomes in pain relief and functional recovery of the patellofemoral joint.