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Related Concept Videos

Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit01:24

Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit

351
Series resonance occurs in a circuit containing inductive (L), capacitive (C), and resistive (R) elements connected sequentially. At the resonance frequency, the inductive and capacitive reactances are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, effectively canceling each other. This causes the circuit's impedance is minimal, primarily determined by the resistance R. The resonant frequency of an RLC circuit is defined as:
351
Series Resonance01:17

Series Resonance

294
The RLC circuit impedance is defined as the ratio of the supply voltage to the circuit current. Resonance in such a circuit occurs when the imaginary part of this impedance equals zero. This specific condition means that the inductive reactance is exactly equal to the capacitive reactance. The frequency at which this happens is known as the resonant frequency. Mathematically, the resonant frequency is inversely proportional to the square root of the product of the inductance (L) and capacitance...
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Plants and other photosynthetic organisms comprise pigments capable of absorption of direct sunlight. These pigments are present in the reaction center - the main site of photochemical reactions as well as in the antenna complex. Under average light conditions, the rate at which reaction center pigments absorb light is far below the electron transport chain's capacity. As a result, the reaction center alone cannot provide enough energy to drive photosynthesis. The photosynthetic efficiency can...
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The German physicist Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894) was the first to generate and detect certain types of electromagnetic waves in the laboratory. Starting in 1887, he performed a series of experiments that confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves and verified that they travel at the speed of light. Hertz used an alternating-current RLC (resistor-inductor-capacitor) circuit that resonated at a known frequency and connected it to a loop of wire. High voltages induced across the gap in...
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Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

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The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:
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Mesh Analysis for AC Circuits01:12

Mesh Analysis for AC Circuits

451
In the domain of radio communication, the significance of impedance matching must be considered. It is crucial to ensure the efficient transmission of signals between radio transmitters and receivers. Achieving this balance involves using impedance-matching circuits, with one fundamental configuration comprising a resistor, capacitor, and inductor.
The process of harmonizing these impedances begins with a clear understanding of the input and output signals. Once these signals are known, the...
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Small Split-Ring Resonators as Efficient Antennas for Remote LoRa IOT Systems-A Path to Reduce Physical Interference.

Cameron Rohan1, Jacques Audet1, Adrian Keating1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, M050, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley 6009, Australia.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a compact, planar antenna using split-ring resonator (SRR) designs for wireless Internet of Things (IoT) modules. The novel antenna offers a 5 dB gain and a 40% smaller footprint compared to traditional monopole antennas.

Keywords:
IOTLoRaPCB antennametamaterialsplanar antennaradiosplit-ring resonator

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Electromagnetics
  • Antenna Design

Background:

  • Wireless Internet of Things (IoT) modules require compact antennas, but protruding designs risk mechanical failure.
  • Existing antennas can be vulnerable to damage from moving equipment and mechanical stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a planar antenna using split-ring resonator (SRR) designs for compact IoT modules.
  • To achieve antenna dimensions smaller than a monopole at the same operating frequency.
  • To evaluate the performance of SRR antennas at LoRa frequencies (433 MHz and 915 MHz).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized detailed physical models for printed circuit board (PCB)-based SRR antenna designs.
  • Performed uncertainty analysis to assess the impact of tolerances on resonant frequency.
  • Conducted near-field and far-field measurements for performance evaluation.
  • Integrated an unbalanced SMA port for network vector analyzer measurements of input impedance.

Main Results:

  • Developed PCB-based SRR antennas for 433 MHz and 915 MHz LoRa frequencies.
  • The optimal design achieved 44 Ω input resistance at 919 MHz, near the target of 50 Ω at 915 MHz.
  • Demonstrated a 5 dB gain over a conventional quarter-wave monopole antenna.
  • Achieved a 40% smaller footprint compared to the monopole antenna.

Conclusions:

  • SRR designs enable the creation of compact, planar antennas for IoT applications.
  • The developed antennas provide superior performance and reduced size compared to traditional monopoles.
  • This planar antenna technology enhances the robustness and integration possibilities for wireless IoT modules.