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Related Concept Videos

Measurements of Strain01:27

Measurements of Strain

2.3K
Strain quantifies the deformation of a material under force, typically measured as normal strain, which represents the change in length when compared with the original length. Electrical strain gauges are used for enhanced accuracy. These devices consist of a conductive wire mounted on a paper backing that adheres to the material's surface. These gauges operate on the piezoresistive effect, where the wire's electrical resistance changes in response to mechanical deformation. The strain...
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Shearing Strain01:20

Shearing Strain

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The shearing strain represents a cubic element's angular change when subjected to shearing stress. This type of stress can transform a cube into an oblique parallelepiped without influencing normal strains. The cubic element experiences a significant transformation when exposed solely to shearing stress. Its shape alters from a perfect cube into a rhomboid, clearly demonstrating the effect of shearing strain. The degree of this strain is considered positive if it reduces the angle between...
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Problem Solving on Stress and Strain01:22

Problem Solving on Stress and Strain

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Stress is a quantity that describes the magnitude of a force that causes deformation, generally defined as internal force per unit area. When forces pull on an object and cause its elongation, like the stretching of an elastic band, it is called tensile stress. When forces cause the compression of an object, it is known as compressive stress. When an object is being squeezed uniformly from all sides, like a submarine in the depths of the ocean, we call this kind of stress bulk stress (or volume...
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Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses

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As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
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Shearing Stress01:19

Shearing Stress

962
Shearing stress, denoted by the Greek letter tau (τ), is stress caused by forces acting transversely on an object. These forces create internal ones within the entity in the plane where the external forces are applied. The resultant of these internal forces is the shear in the section.
The average shearing stress can be calculated by dividing the shear by the area of the cross-section.
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Studying Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear Response of Soft Materials
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FRET Measurement of Polymer Response under Shear.

Ryo Iwao1, Hiroki Yamaguchi1, Makoto Obata2

  • 1Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Polymer chains in solution exhibit complex stretching and compression behaviors under shear flow, deviating from classical models. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements reveal concentration-dependent dynamics, offering new insights into polymer behavior.

Keywords:
Couette flowFRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer)fluorescence measurementpolystyreneshear

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Physics
  • Rheology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Polymer solutions are crucial in manufacturing, with behavior traditionally modeled by chain elongation under shear flow.
  • Recent observations suggest polymer chains can also compress, challenging classical theories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate polymer chain dynamics in solutions of varying concentrations subjected to shear flow.
  • To compare experimental results with established polymer behavior models.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) polymers to monitor changes in polymer chain end-to-end distance.
  • Measured time variations in fluorescence intensity to track polymer deformation.

Main Results:

  • Observed that polymer chains both stretched and compressed under shear flow.
  • Demonstrated that polymer deformation is dependent on solution concentration.
  • Results indicated a significant deviation from the predictions of the classical Kuhn bead-spring model.

Conclusions:

  • Polymer chain deformation under shear flow is more complex than previously assumed, involving both stretching and compression.
  • Concentration plays a critical role in dictating polymer chain dynamics.
  • FRET measurements provide a valuable tool for understanding polymer chain dynamics and validating/refining theoretical models.