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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
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Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Updated: Oct 10, 2025

Isolation and Characterization of a Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Subpopulation Having Stem Cell Characteristics
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Basosquamous Carcinoma: A Commentary.

Christina Fotiadou1, Zoe Apalla1, Elizabeth Lazaridou1

  • 1Second Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Aristotle University, Medical School, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.

Cancers
|December 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Basosquamous carcinoma (BSC) is an aggressive skin cancer requiring early diagnosis through dermoscopy and biopsies. Surgical treatments are primary, with Hedgehog pathway inhibitors like vismodegib showing potential for advanced cases.

Keywords:
Mohs’ micrographic surgerybasosquamous carcinomabiologic behaviordermoscopydiagnosisgeneticshistopathologymetatypical basal cell carcinomatreatmentvismodegib

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Basosquamous carcinoma (BSC) is a rare, aggressive non-melanoma skin cancer.
  • It presents features intermediate between basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
  • Controversy exists regarding its classification, pathogenesis, behavior, and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current data on basosquamous carcinoma.
  • To summarize epidemiology, clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathologic characteristics.
  • To evaluate genetics and management strategies for BSC.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of English-language articles from PubMed.
  • Searched for articles with "basosquamous carcinoma" and/or "metatypical carcinoma of the skin" in the title.
  • Synthesized information on diagnosis, genetics, and treatment.

Main Results:

  • Dermoscopy, deep incisional biopsies, and immunohistology (Ber-EP4) aid early diagnosis.
  • Wide excision and Mohs micrographic surgery are the preferred treatments.
  • Vismodegib warrants further investigation for unresectable or advanced BSC.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis of basosquamous carcinoma improves prognosis.
  • Surgical interventions remain the cornerstone of treatment.
  • Targeted therapies like vismodegib may offer future options for challenging cases.