Study on the Roof Solar Heating Storage System of Traditional Residences in Southern Shaanxi, China

Solar energy is a renewable, green, clean, and universal resource that has great potential in rural areas. Combining solar heating technology with building design to increase indoor thermal comfort in winter is an effective energy-saving and environmentally friendly approach. The factors affecting solar building heating mainly include two aspects; one is the lighting area of the building, and the other is the storage of building materials. By increasing the lighting area and using materials with good heat preservation and storage performance, the indoor temperature in winter can be effectively increased, and the heating time can be prolonged, thus decreasing the energy requirements of the building. In this paper, traditional houses in cold winter areas are selected as the research object, and a roof solar heating storage system is proposed. The method is to transform the opaque roof of the traditional houses into a transparent glass roof, and the thermal insulation and heat storage material HDPE is installed in the attic floorboards. The working principle of this system is to increase the amount of indoor solar radiation to raise the indoor temperature and make use of the thermal insulation performance of heat storage materials to prolong the indoor heating time. Through ANSYS software simulation, the heat transfer process, heat transfer mode, and temperature change of the system are analyzed, and the energy saving of the system is analyzed. The system can effectively raise the indoor temperature and has good energy-saving performance. The indoor temperature is raised by 5.8 °C, and the annual heat load of the building is reduced by 1361.92 kW·h, with a reduction rate of 25.02%.