Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 9, 2026

Hydra, a Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Cardiovascular Analysis and Diagnosis
07:51

Hydra, a Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Cardiovascular Analysis and Diagnosis

Published on: September 26, 2018

7.7K

Race, Ethnicity, Hypertension, and Heart Disease: JACC Focus Seminar 1/9

Modele O Ogunniyi1, Yvonne Commodore-Mensah2, Keith C Ferdinand3

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/modeldoc.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|December 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Racial and ethnic disparities in hypertension prevalence and control persist in the U.S. Addressing social determinants of health is crucial for improving cardiovascular care and outcomes for all adults.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Public Health
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Hypertension is a primary global cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
  • Approximately 45% of U.S. adults have hypertension (blood pressure ≥130/80 mm Hg).
  • Significant racial and ethnic disparities exist in hypertension prevalence and control, particularly affecting Black adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology of racial/ethnic disparities in hypertension.
  • To examine the impact of social determinants of health on cardiovascular care quality and outcomes.
  • To discuss clinical practice guidelines and national programs for hypertension control.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical review of existing literature and data.
  • Analysis of epidemiological trends in hypertension.
  • Examination of social determinants of health influencing cardiovascular care.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension disproportionately affects minority groups, especially Black adults.
  • Suboptimal hypertension control rates are prevalent, particularly among racial/ethnic minorities.
  • Social determinants of health significantly impact cardiovascular care quality and patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent action is needed to address the public health crisis of hypertension control.
  • Eliminating racial/ethnic disparities in hypertension is essential to reduce cardiovascular and stroke burden.
  • Implementing guideline recommendations and targeted national programs can help mitigate these disparities.

Keywords:
disparitiesethnicityhypertensionracesocial determinants of health

More Related Videos

Dynamic Continuous Blood Extraction from Rat Heart via Noninvasive Microdialysis Technique04:52

Dynamic Continuous Blood Extraction from Rat Heart via Noninvasive Microdialysis Technique

Published on: September 13, 2022

2.5K
Author Spotlight: A Pharmacodissection Approach to Uncover Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Populations08:21

Author Spotlight: A Pharmacodissection Approach to Uncover Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Populations

Published on: July 21, 2023

1.5K

Related Concept Videos

Factors affecting Blood pressure01:28

Factors affecting Blood pressure

Several physiological and lifestyle factors influence blood pressure (BP). Understanding these factors is crucial as they are significant in patient education and blood pressure management.
Physiological Factors:
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
Hypertension IV: Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modifications01:28

Hypertension IV: Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modifications

Multiple classes of antihypertensive medications are employed in treating hypertension. The most commonly recommended first-line treatments include:Thiazide Diuretics, such as chlorthalidone, increase sodium and water excretion from the body, reducing blood volume and blood pressure.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, like lisinopril, block the conversion of angiotensin I to II, a potent vasoconstrictor lowering blood pressure.Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) prevent angiotensin II...