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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Updated: Oct 10, 2025

Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
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Radiofrequency ablation for symptomatic, non-functioning, thyroid nodules: a single-center learning curve.

W J Bom1, F B M Joosten2, M M G J van Borren3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands.

Endocrine Connections
|December 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for benign thyroid nodules requires approximately 40 procedures to achieve optimal volume reduction. Careful follow-up is crucial to monitor efficacy and rule out malignancy.

Keywords:
benignnon-functionalradiofrequency ablationthyroid nodules

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Interventional Radiology

Background:

  • Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a leading treatment for symptomatic benign non-functioning thyroid nodules (NFTN).
  • Operator experience significantly impacts RFA outcomes, but the learning curve is not well-defined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the learning curve for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in treating non-functioning thyroid nodules (NFTN).
  • To determine the number of procedures needed to achieve optimal treatment efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 103 patients with single, symptomatic, benign NFTN treated with RFA.
  • Primary outcome: 6-month nodal volume reduction ratio (VRR) >50% after single RFA session.
  • Follow-up duration of at least 1 year.

Main Results:

  • Technique efficacy (6-month VRR >50%) improved with experience: 45% (first 20 patients), 75% (next 20), 79% (last 63).
  • Approximately 40 procedures were needed to achieve >50% VRR in most patients.
  • Complications were minor; 13 patients required secondary interventions (lobectomy or repeat RFA).
  • Two cases of follicular carcinoma and one B-cell lymphoma were diagnosed post-RFA.

Conclusions:

  • Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) efficacy for benign thyroid nodules improves with operator experience, reaching optimal levels around 40 cases.
  • Regular follow-up is essential for patients with suboptimal volume reduction or nodule regrowth to detect potential malignancies.