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Related Concept Videos

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

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The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
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Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
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Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
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Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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What is the Skeletal System?01:02

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 10, 2025

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders
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Flavonoids: Classification, Function, and Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Bone Remodelling.

Priyanka Ramesh1, Rahul Jagadeesan1, Saravanan Sekaran2

  • 1Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|December 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Flavonoids, natural compounds found in plants, show promise for treating bone diseases by influencing bone remodeling pathways and reducing inflammation. These polyphenols may offer future therapeutic benefits for bone health.

Keywords:
bonebone remodellingflavonoidsosteoblastosteoclast

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Flavonoids are natural polyphenolic compounds abundant in fruits, vegetables, and other plant sources.
  • They possess anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-carcinogenic properties.
  • Bone health is maintained by the balance of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis, crucial for bone integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the effects of various flavonoids on bone remodeling.
  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying flavonoid action on bone cells.
  • To assess the potential of flavonoids as therapeutic agents for bone-related diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on flavonoids and bone metabolism.
  • Analysis of the impact of specific flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, genistein) on signaling pathways.
  • Examination of flavonoid effects on angiogenesis, inflammation, and oxidative stress.

Main Results:

  • Flavonoids modulate key signaling pathways including MAPK, NF-kβ, Wnt/β-catenin, and BMP2/SMAD.
  • These compounds regulate angiogenesis, reduce inflammatory cytokines, and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS).
  • Flavonoids influence osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis, impacting bone remodeling.

Conclusions:

  • Flavonoids exhibit significant potential in modulating bone remodeling processes.
  • Their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties contribute to their bone-protective effects.
  • Flavonoids represent a promising class of natural compounds for future therapeutic strategies in bone diseases.