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Influenza myocarditis in paediatric patients

Paola Dolader1, Joan Balcells2, Ferran Gran1

  • 1Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona. Spain.

Cardiology in the Young
|December 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Influenza viruses can cause acute myocarditis, a serious heart condition, in children. Early diagnosis and considering influenza are crucial for managing this rare but potentially fatal illness.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Acute myocarditis is a rare, potentially fatal cardiac condition.
  • Endomyocardial biopsy is essential for diagnosis.
  • Influenza viruses are an uncommon but documented cause of myocarditis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report on pediatric patients with influenza-associated myocarditis.
  • To highlight the importance of considering influenza as an etiology for myocarditis.
  • To emphasize early diagnosis and management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Case series of pediatric patients.
  • Histologic examination of endomyocardial biopsies.
  • Clinical presentation and outcome analysis.

Main Results:

  • Influenza virus infection complicated a percentage of influenza cases.
  • Clinical presentations ranged from chest pain to fulminant myocarditis.
  • High mortality was observed in acute cases requiring mechanical support.

Conclusions:

  • Influenza virus is a significant, though uncommon, cause of pediatric myocarditis.
  • Considering influenza in the differential diagnosis is critical for prompt treatment.
  • Timely diagnosis and intervention can improve outcomes in pediatric myocarditis.
Keywords:
Myocarditisendomyocardial biopsyextracorporeal membrane oxygenationinfluenza

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