Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output01:19

Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output

1.5K
Cardiac Output
Cardiac output (CO) refers to the total amount of blood ejected by one of the ventricles in liters per minute (L/min). In a resting adult, CO ranges from 5 to 6 L/min, adjusting according to the body's metabolic requirements.
Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output
Cardiac output adapts to metabolic demands during stress, physical activity, or illness. The autonomic nervous system regulates heart rate via the sinoatrial node. The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart...
1.5K
Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output01:22

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

1.7K
Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
Preload
Preload refers to the initial elongation of the cardiac myocytes before contraction and is related to the volume of blood filling the heart at the end of diastole, or end-diastolic volume. The...
1.7K
Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume01:11

Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume

3.6K
Cardiac output (CO) is an integral aspect of human physiology, reflecting the heart's efficiency and responsiveness to the body's needs. It represents the volume of blood that the left or right ventricle ejects into the aorta or pulmonary trunk each minute. The CO is calculated by multiplying the heart rate (HR)—the number of heartbeats per minute—by the stroke volume (SV)—the amount of blood pumped out with each heartbeat.
In an average resting adult male, the typical cardiac...
3.6K
Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(two-step method)01:23

Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(two-step method)

999
Measuring blood pressure is a fundamental skill in healthcare that aids in diagnosing and monitoring hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions. An aneroid sphygmomanometer, commonly used in clinical settings, offers a manual and precise method for blood pressure measurement. The technique for using this instrument involves specific steps that must be carefully executed to ensure accuracy. The following detailed description outlines a two-step technique for assessing blood pressure using...
999
Pulse01:05

Pulse

2.8K
The pulse is one of the most fundamental physiological indicators of the body's cardiovascular health. It is the rhythmic expansion and contraction of the arterial walls in response to the pressure generated by the heart's pumping action.
Pulse Rate and its Significance
Pulse rate, often measured in beats per minute (bpm), reflects the heart rate (HR), which is influenced by numerous factors such as stress, physical activity, and hormonal changes. A normal resting adult pulse rate falls...
2.8K
Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models00:57

Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models

168
Physiological pharmacokinetic models, often called flow-limited or perfusion models, typically assume a swift drug distribution between tissue and venous blood, creating a rapid drug equilibrium. This premise is based on the idea that drug diffusion is extremely fast, and the cell membrane presents no barrier to drug permeation. In this scenario, where no drug binding occurs, the drug concentration in the tissue equals that of the venous blood leaving the tissue. This greatly simplifies the...
168

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Rashba-like spin splitting in inversion symmetric plasmonic metasurface.

Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)·2026
Same author

Harvesting the Spin-Orbit Interaction of Light to Generate Helicity-Dependent Complex Rotational Motion in Optically Trapped Mesoscopic Matter.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same author

CardioSynth: Parameter-driven cardiac MRI generation via oriented bounding boxes.

Computer methods and programs in biomedicine·2026
Same author

Feasibility and efficacy of virtual reality rehabilitation for upper extremity impairment in ischaemic stroke patients: an open-label, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial.

BMJ open·2026
Same author

Can we infer excitation-inhibition balance from the spectrum of population activity?

Communications biology·2025
Same author

Artificial Intelligence for Detection of Parkinson's Disease From Speech Signals-A Comprehensive Review.

BioFactors (Oxford, England)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 10, 2025

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

6.7K

A Lumped Parameter Model for Cardiac Output Estimation Using Arterial Blood Pressure Waveform.

Karuna P Sahoo, Amit Patra, Nirmalya Ghosh

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |December 11, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study presents a cardiovascular model to estimate Cardiac Output (CO) from arterial blood pressure (ABP) waveforms. The model achieved under 15% error, offering accurate, subject-specific CO estimation.

    More Related Videos

    Software for Analysis of Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Time-series Data from the Valsalva Maneuver
    14:28

    Software for Analysis of Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Time-series Data from the Valsalva Maneuver

    Published on: June 27, 2025

    490
    Author Spotlight: Enhancing Graft Viability Assessment Through Quantitative Metrics and Innovative Reservoir Systems
    08:49

    Author Spotlight: Enhancing Graft Viability Assessment Through Quantitative Metrics and Innovative Reservoir Systems

    Published on: August 2, 2024

    1.1K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Oct 10, 2025

    Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
    09:20

    Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

    Published on: February 13, 2021

    6.7K
    Software for Analysis of Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Time-series Data from the Valsalva Maneuver
    14:28

    Software for Analysis of Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Time-series Data from the Valsalva Maneuver

    Published on: June 27, 2025

    490
    Author Spotlight: Enhancing Graft Viability Assessment Through Quantitative Metrics and Innovative Reservoir Systems
    08:49

    Author Spotlight: Enhancing Graft Viability Assessment Through Quantitative Metrics and Innovative Reservoir Systems

    Published on: August 2, 2024

    1.1K

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Mathematical Modeling

    Background:

    • Estimating Cardiac Output (CO) is crucial for cardiovascular assessment.
    • Arterial Blood Pressure (ABP) waveforms contain valuable physiological information.
    • Subject-specific modeling can improve cardiovascular parameter estimation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a subject-specific lumped parameter cardiovascular model.
    • To estimate Cardiac Output (CO) using radial Arterial Blood Pressure (ABP) waveforms.
    • To assess the accuracy of the model against established CO measurement techniques.

    Main Methods:

    • A lumped parameter cardiovascular model integrating a simplified left ventricle and a third-order arterial tree model was developed.
    • Non-linear least squares optimization was employed for uncalibrated parameter estimation.
    • Model performance was evaluated using Thermodilution CO measurements in 10 subjects.

    Main Results:

    • The model accurately reproduced ABP waveforms, including the Dicrotic Notch.
    • Uncalibrated cardiovascular parameter estimation was achieved.
    • A normalized error of less than 15% was obtained for CO estimation across diverse subjects.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed subject-specific cardiovascular model provides accurate CO estimation from ABP.
    • The model demonstrates potential for non-invasive, real-time CO monitoring.
    • This approach offers a valuable tool for cardiovascular research and clinical applications.