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Updated: Oct 10, 2025

A Polyaniline-based Sensor of Nucleic Acids

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Published on: November 1, 2016

Carbonized Polymer for Joule Heating Processing Towards Biosensor Development.

Mohammad Aminul Haque, Nickolay V Lavrik, Dale Hensley

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

|December 11, 2021

Summary

Researchers developed novel carbonized microelectrodes using Joule heating compatible with CMOS technology. These low-cost electrodes are promising for integrated biosensor platforms in medical diagnostics.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrical Engineering
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Developing cost-effective and integrated biosensors is crucial for medical diagnostics.
Current biosensor platforms often lack monolithic integration with microelectronic systems.
Carbon-based materials offer potential for low-cost, conductive electrodes.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop carbonized microelectrodes using a CMOS-compatible Joule heating process.
To investigate the feasibility of using 3D-printed polymer structures for electrode fabrication.
To assess the electrical conductivity and carbonization degree of the fabricated electrodes.

Main Methods:

3D printing of bridge-on-pillars polymer structures using two-photon polymerization (2PP).
Annealing of polymer structures under various conditions to induce carbonization and enhance conductivity.
Joule heating process utilized for electrode fabrication within a CMOS-compatible temperature range.
Raman spectroscopy employed to evaluate the degree of carbonization.

Main Results:

Successfully fabricated carbonized microelectrodes with appreciable electrical conductivity.
Demonstrated a Joule heating process compatible with CMOS fabrication temperatures.
Raman spectroscopy confirmed successful carbonization of the polymer precursor.
Achieved electrodes suitable for driving current for integrated biosensor applications.

Conclusions:

The developed carbonized polymer electrodes are suitable for low-cost, monolithic biosensor development.
The CMOS-compatible fabrication process enables integration with existing microelectronic platforms.
These electrodes hold significant potential for advancing medical diagnosis and treatment through integrated biosensing.