Seizure Outcome After Surgery for MRI-Diagnosed Focal Cortical Dysplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Anna Willard1, Ana Antonic-Baker1, Zhibin Chen1

  • 1From the Department of Neuroscience (A.W., A.A-B., Z.C., T.J.O., P.K., P.P.) and Clinical Epidemiology (Z.C.), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University; Department of Neurology (A.W., T.J.O., P.K., P.P.), Alfred Hospital; Departments of Neurology (A.W., T.J.O., P.K., P.P.) and Medicine (Z.C., T.J.O., P.K.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, and Department of Medicine (P.P.), Austin Health, University of Melbourne; and Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Department of Neurology (P.P.), Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Neurology
|December 11, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Surgery for focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) in drug-resistant epilepsy yields a 70% favorable seizure outcome. Complete resection of the MRI-detected FCD lesion improves results, highlighting its importance for surgical planning.

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Epileptology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is linked to poorer postsurgical seizure control.
  • Surgical candidate selection relies on preoperative findings, including MRI.
  • Previous studies often used histologic diagnosis, not solely preoperative MRI findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the literature.
  • To determine the rate of favorable seizure outcomes after surgery for MRI-detected FCD.
  • To identify predictors of favorable seizure outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines.
  • Searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science for relevant studies.
  • Included studies with ≥12 months follow-up after resective surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy with MRI-detected FCD.

Main Results:

  • Analyzed 35 studies comprising 1,353 patients.
  • Overall favorable seizure outcome rate was 70% (95% CI 64-75).
  • Complete FCD lesion resection (RR 2.42) and temporal lobe location (RR 1.38) predicted favorable outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • 70% of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy and MRI-detected FCD achieve favorable seizure outcomes post-surgery.
  • Complete resection of MRI-detected FCD is crucial for improving seizure control.
  • Findings support incorporating these results into preoperative counseling and surgical planning.