Interventional genitourinary radiology in children: a review of 61 procedures

Forty-nine children underwent 61 interventional uroradiologic procedures. These included percutaneous nephrostomy, internal ureteral stenting, ureteral stricture dilatation, perirenal abscess drainage, and percutaneous removal of renal calculi. Of the 61 procedures, 60 (98%) were technically successful. Of the 60 successful procedures, 24 (40%) were considered "definitive," 33 (55%) favorably "altered the course," and 3 (5%) "failed" to have any beneficial effect. Technical success at minimal risk can be achieved in even the smallest patients by modifying equipment and by attending to the special needs of the pediatric patient.