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Conjugated Proteins

Conjugated Proteins

Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...

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Protocol for Recombinant RBD-based SARS Vaccines: Protein Preparation, Animal Vaccination and Neutralization Detection

Protocol for Recombinant RBD-based SARS Vaccines: Protein Preparation, Animal Vaccination and Neutralization Detection

Published on: May 2, 2011

Advanced Materials for SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines.

Moustafa T Mabrouk¹, Wei-Chiao Huang¹, Luis Martinez-Sobrido²

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|December 11, 2021

Summary

Advanced materials like viral vectors and lipid nanoparticles are crucial for developing effective COVID-19 vaccines. These technologies enable rapid production and strong immune responses, aiding pandemic mitigation efforts.

Keywords:

COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines

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Area of Science:

Vaccinology
Materials Science
Infectious Diseases

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, highlighted the urgent need for effective vaccines.
Rapid advancements in various scientific fields enabled unprecedented vaccine development and deployment.
Significant global disparities in vaccine access persist, underscoring the need for scalable solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the recent application of advanced materials in the development of COVID-19 vaccines.
To review novel vaccine platforms and adjuvants utilized against SARS-CoV-2.
To discuss the characteristics of advantageous vaccine technologies, including scalability and immunogenicity.

Main Methods:

Review of recent scientific literature on COVID-19 vaccine technologies.
Analysis of different vaccine platforms, including viral vectors, mRNA, and subunit vaccines.
Examination of the role of nanoscale and microscale materials, including adjuvants.

Main Results:

Several advanced vaccine platforms, such as viral vector and lipid nanoparticle mRNA vaccines, have been successfully deployed.
Most COVID-19 vaccines target the viral Spike protein, aiming for strong and durable antibody responses.
Nanoscale and microscale materials are integral components of modern vaccines and adjuvants.

Conclusions:

Advanced materials and technologies are essential for developing next-generation COVID-19 vaccines.
Future vaccine development must prioritize rapid production, scalability, and robust immunogenicity.
Continued innovation in vaccine technology is critical for managing current and future pandemics.