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Synthetic carbohydrate-based cell wall components from Staphylococcus aureus.

Francesca Berni1, Jacopo Enotarpi1, Thijs Voskuilen1

  • 1Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.

Drug Discovery Today. Technologies
|December 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Carbohydrate-based polymers on bacteria, like those in Staphylococcus aureus, are key targets for new vaccines. Researchers are exploring synthetic chemistry to create well-defined fragments for potential therapeutic applications against resistant strains.

Keywords:
Capsular polysaccharidesSynthetic antigensTeichoic acids

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and Immunology
  • Synthetic Chemistry
  • Vaccine Development

Background:

  • Bacterial cell walls often feature glycopolymers, crucial for interactions and immune responses.
  • Glycoconjugate vaccines have proven effective against various infectious diseases, including those caused by *Haemophilus influenzae* type b (Hib), *Neisseria meningitidis*, *Streptococcus pneumoniae*, and Group B Streptococcus.
  • Methicillin-resistant *Staphylococcus aureus* (MRSA) is a WHO-designated priority pathogen requiring novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of carbohydrate-based cell wall polymers in *S. aureus* strains.
  • To discuss synthetic chemistry approaches for generating well-defined carbohydrate fragments.
  • To highlight the potential of these fragments in developing new treatments against MRSA.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on bacterial glycopolymers and *S. aureus* cell wall composition.
  • Analysis of synthetic chemistry strategies for carbohydrate synthesis and characterization.
  • Exploration of structure-activity relationships for immunogenic carbohydrate components.

Main Results:

  • Identification of diverse carbohydrate structures in the cell walls of various *S. aureus* strains.
  • Demonstration of synthetic feasibility for producing specific, well-defined carbohydrate fragments.
  • Highlighting the immunogenic potential of bacterial carbohydrate antigens.

Conclusions:

  • Carbohydrate structures on *S. aureus* are promising targets for novel vaccine and therapeutic development.
  • Synthetic chemistry offers a powerful toolkit for accessing well-defined bacterial carbohydrate fragments.
  • Targeting MRSA with carbohydrate-based strategies represents a critical area for future research and intervention.