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Is ankyloglossia associated with obstructive sleep apnea?

Marieli Timpani Bussi1, Camila de Castro Corrêa2, Arthur Justi Cassettari1

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Ankyloglossia, or tongue-tie, is linked to obstructive sleep apnea in children. Early intervention, like frenectomy or frenuloplasty, may improve sleep-disordered breathing symptoms.

Keywords:
AnkyloglossiaMyofunctional therapyObstructive sleep apnea

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Otolaryngology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) is a condition affecting the lingual frenulum.
  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a significant sleep-disordered breathing condition in children.
  • The relationship between ankyloglossia and OSA requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing evidence on the association between ankyloglossia and obstructive sleep apnea.
  • To synthesize findings from studies assessing the lingual frenulum in children with sleep-disordered breathing.

Main Methods:

  • An integrative literature review was conducted.
  • Included observational and interventional studies on children with sleep-disordered breathing and lingual frenulum assessment.
  • Excluded animal studies, in vitro research, letters, expert opinions, and other reviews.

Main Results:

  • Four studies met inclusion criteria from 97 identified articles.
  • Two retrospective studies indicated a link between untreated shortened lingual frenulum and OSA.
  • A prospective study showed improved speech, deglutition, and sleep after lingual frenectomy.
  • A retrospective cohort study found frenuloplasty with myofunctional therapy effective for snoring and mouth breathing.

Conclusions:

  • The reviewed studies support an association between ankyloglossia and obstructive sleep apnea.
  • Interventions for ankyloglossia may positively impact sleep-disordered breathing.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate this relationship.