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Artificial Intelligence for Large-Vessel Occlusion Stroke: A Systematic Review.

Nathan A Shlobin1, Ammad A Baig2, Muhammad Waqas2

  • 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

World Neurosurgery
|December 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Artificial intelligence (AI) shows promise in diagnosing and triaging large-vessel occlusion (LVO) strokes. Further research is needed to expand AI’s role in LVO stroke management and prognostication.

Keywords:
Artificial intelligenceIschemic strokeLarge-vessel occlusionMachine learningStroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Optimal outcomes for large-vessel occlusion (LVO) strokes depend on rapid diagnosis and treatment.
  • Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning (ML), offers potential for improving LVO stroke care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review current AI applications for LVO strokes.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of AI in LVO stroke diagnosis, triage, and treatment.
  • To identify future directions for AI in stroke management and prognostication.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases was performed.
  • Studies were screened by title, abstract, and full text based on inclusion/exclusion criteria.
  • Data from 40 included studies were extracted.

Main Results:

  • Convolutional neural networks, support vector machines, and random forests were common ML algorithms used.
  • AI demonstrated high accuracy in identifying LVO on computed tomography and in predicting outcomes.
  • AI applications for patient selection for thrombectomy and prognostication are currently limited but show potential.

Conclusions:

  • AI shows significant promise in the diagnosis and triage of acute stroke patients.
  • The role of AI in stroke management and prognostication requires further investigation.
  • AI can serve as a valuable tool for clinical decision support in stroke care.