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IL-17A in COVID-19 Cases: a meta-analysis.
Sukayna Fadlallah1, Marcel S Sham Eddin1, Elias A Rahal2
1Department of Experimental Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
|December 13, 2021
Summary
This meta-analysis found that Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) levels are elevated in COVID-19 patients, regardless of disease severity. Higher IL-17A concentrations correlate with moderate and severe Coronavirus disease 2019, suggesting its potential role in disease management.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has prompted research into its underlying mechanisms.
- Interleukin-17A (IL-17A), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, has been implicated in autoimmune diseases and its role in COVID-19 remains debated.
- Conflicting reports exist regarding elevated IL-17A levels in COVID-19 patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a meta-analysis investigating serum IL-17A levels in COVID-19 patients.
- To determine the association between IL-17A levels and COVID-19 disease severity.
- To evaluate the potential of IL-17A as a target for COVID-19 management.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of multiple databases for studies published between January 1, 2019, and April 30, 2021.
- Application of a random effects model to calculate weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
- Analysis of heterogeneity using t2 and I2 statistics and assessment for publication bias.
Main Results:
- Serum IL-17A levels were significantly increased in COVID-19 subjects compared to controls (WMD = 2.51 pg/ml).
- Elevated IL-17A levels were observed in both moderate (WMD = 2.41 pg/ml) and severe (WMD = 4.13 pg/ml) COVID-19 cases.
- A statistically significant, though less robust, increase in IL-17A was noted in severe cases compared to moderate cases (WMD = 2.07 pg/ml).
Conclusions:
- IL-17A levels are elevated in COVID-19 patients, irrespective of disease severity.
- The findings suggest IL-17A may be a relevant biomarker and potential therapeutic target for COVID-19.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise role of IL-17A in COVID-19 pathogenesis and management.
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