Acute Myocardial Infarction in Young Men Under 50 Years of Age: Clinical Characteristics, Treatment, and Long-Term
Hui Gao1, Yuan Wang1, Aidong Shen1
1Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
Aim:
The prevalence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is increasing in young adults, especially in men. This study aims to compare the characteristics and explore the association between age and clinical outcomes in male adults who first experienced AMI.
Methods:
A total of 2737 male patients with AMI were divided into three groups by age: <50, 50-65, and ≥65 years. Clinical characteristics and long-term results (all-cause and cardiac deaths, nonfatal MI, revascularization, nonfatal stroke, cardiac rehospitalization) were identified across different age subgroups. The association between age and the outcomes was assessed by Cox proportional hazard models.
Results:
This population was followed up for a median of 36.7 months. Patients <50 years had a lower prevalence of diabetes (19.4%) and previous stroke (1.8%), while they were more often to be smokers (77.1%), obese (26%), dyslipidemia (74.7%), and with the single-vessel disease (16.2%). The risk of cardiovascular and all-cause death in patients ≥65 years was higher than patients <50 years, which was noticed through competing risk regression analysis after adjusting for confounding factors (adjusted HR 3.24; 95% CI 2.26-4.22, p=0.020 for cardiovascular death, adjusted HR 4.17; 95% CI 1.91-9.10, p<0.001 for all-cause death).
Conclusion:
In conclusion, although men who suffered from first AMI under the age of 50 had lower mortality, they had a higher burden of modifiable traditional risk factors. The management of modifiable lifestyles should be addressed to all young AMI patients.
Insights
Young men experiencing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) face higher risks for traditional cardiovascular risk factors despite lower mortality rates. Lifestyle modifications are crucial for managing these risks in younger AMI patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) incidence is rising among young adults, particularly men.
- Understanding age-related differences in AMI presentation and outcomes is critical for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare clinical characteristics of first AMI in male adults across different age groups.
- To investigate the association between age and long-term clinical outcomes following a first AMI in men.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 2737 male AMI patients was stratified into three age groups: <50, 50-65, and ≥65 years.
- Clinical data and long-term outcomes (mortality, nonfatal MI, stroke, rehospitalization) were analyzed.
- Cox proportional hazard models assessed the relationship between age and outcomes.
Main Results:
- Younger patients (<50 years) exhibited higher rates of smoking, obesity, dyslipidemia, and single-vessel disease.
- Older patients (≥65 years) faced significantly higher risks of cardiovascular and all-cause death compared to younger patients (<50 years) after adjusting for confounders.
- Median follow-up was 36.7 months.
Conclusions:
- Men experiencing their first AMI before age 50 have lower mortality but a greater burden of modifiable risk factors.
- Emphasis on lifestyle modification is essential for all young AMI patients to mitigate long-term risks.
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