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Genetic Correlation and Bidirectional Causal Association Between Type 2 Diabetes and Pulmonary Function.

Jiahao Zhu1, Huanling Zhao1, Dingwan Chen1

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Frontiers in Endocrinology
|December 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals a two-way genetic link between type 2 diabetes and lung function, suggesting that both conditions influence each other. Understanding this connection may improve managing these common diseases.

Keywords:
Mendelian randomizationglycemic traitslinkage disequilibrium score regressionpulmonary functiontype 2 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Pulmonology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Observational studies suggest a link between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and pulmonary function, but causality remains unclear.
  • Investigating the genetic basis of this association is crucial for understanding disease mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the genetic correlation between T2D, glycemic traits, and pulmonary function.
  • To determine the causal relationship between T2D and pulmonary function using genetic methods.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized summary statistics from large genome-wide association studies.
  • Employed linkage disequilibrium score regression for genetic correlation analysis.
  • Conducted univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses with pleiotropy-robust methods.

Main Results:

  • Significant genetic correlations were found between T2D, fasting insulin, and spirometry indices like FEV1 and FVC.
  • Higher FEV1 and FVC genetically predicted a lower risk of T2D.
  • Genetic predisposition to T2D was associated with reduced FEV1 and FVC, and an increased FEV1/FVC ratio.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides evidence for a bidirectional causal association between T2D and pulmonary function.
  • Further research into the mechanisms underlying lung dysfunction in T2D is needed.
  • Findings may inform new strategies for managing comorbid T2D and pulmonary diseases.