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The Roles of Gasdermin D in Coronavirus Infection and Evasion

Xiang Liu1, Shihao Ding1, Pinghuang Liu1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|December 13, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Gasdermin D (GSDMD) protein initiates pyroptosis, a cell death mechanism crucial for immunity. This review explores GSDMD

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Pyroptosis is a critical innate immune mechanism against microbial invasion.
  • Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is the primary effector protein driving pyroptosis through membrane pore formation.
  • GSDMD's role in viral infections, particularly coronaviruses, is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on GSDMD activation and function during viral infections.
  • To discuss the implications of GSDMD in coronavirus diseases.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting GSDMD in viral infections.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on GSDMD and viral infections.
  • Analysis of GSDMD's role in innate immunity and cell death pathways.
  • Examination of GSDMD's function beyond pyroptosis.

Main Results:

  • GSDMD activation is triggered by inflammatory caspases, leading to pore formation and pyroptosis.
  • GSDMD's pore-forming activity influences non-lytic protein secretion and innate immunity.
  • Evidence for GSDMD's role in viral infections, including coronaviruses, is emerging.

Conclusions:

  • GSDMD is a key mediator of pyroptosis with broader roles in cellular immunity.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate GSDMD's specific functions in virus infections.
  • Targeting GSDMD pore activity presents a potential therapeutic strategy for coronavirus diseases.
Keywords:
coronavirusesgasdermin Dinflammasomespyroptosisviruses

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