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Fluid-Solid Coupling Simulation of Wall Fluid Shear Stress on Cells under Gradient Fluid Flow
Xiao Zhang1, Yan Gao1, Bo Huo1
1Biomechanics Lab, Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
Applied Bionics and Biomechanics
|December 13, 2021
Summary
Osteoclast precursors sense fluid shear stress (FSS) gradients, migrating towards lower FSS regions. This cellular response to mechanical forces provides insights into bone remodeling mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Cell Biology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Fluid shear stress (FSS) is vital for cell migration in bone cavities.
- Understanding FSS distribution on cell surfaces is key to explaining cell migration patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To clarify if local wall FSS distribution depends on global FSS gradients.
- To explain the targeted migration of osteoclast precursors under FSS gradients.
Main Methods:
- Finite element models of cells in a modified plate flow chamber.
- Fluid-solid coupling simulations to analyze wall fluid shear stress.
- Analysis of FSS distribution on discretely distributed and hexagonal packed cells.
Main Results:
- Local FSS distribution on cell surfaces correlates with cell migration angles.
- RAW264.7 osteoclast precursors migrate towards low-FSS regions under high gradients.
- FSS profiles on central cells decrease with increased spacing in hexagonal packing.
Conclusions:
- Osteoclast precursors can sense global FSS gradients and exhibit directed migration.
- Cell spacing influences local FSS differences, impacting migration behavior.
- Findings offer insights into mechanical stimulation-induced bone remodeling.
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