Two Requirements for Obtaining Valid Common Patterns under Different Assumptions in Vicariance Biogeography

Area of Science:

• Biogeography
• Phylogenetics
• Evolutionary Biology

Background:

• Vicariance biogeography analyzes widespread or sympatric taxa using assumptions 0, 1, and 2.
• Stricter assumptions provide less information about vicariance events but yield smaller solution sets for area cladograms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To formulate requirements for obtaining valid general area cladograms from multiple monophyletic groups.
• To ensure consistency between area cladograms and assumed evolutionary processes (vicariance, extinction, dispersal).

Main Methods:

• Proposing two key requirements for valid general area cladograms: inclusivity of assumptions and comparison of single-group cladograms across different monophyletic groups under a single assumption.
• Analyzing how these requirements impact the consistency and explanatory power of area cladograms.

Main Results:

• Meeting the proposed requirements leads to area cladograms consistent with assumed evolutionary processes.
• Increased explanatory power is achieved when valid general area cladograms include subsets derived from stricter assumptions.

Conclusions:

• The study provides a framework for constructing robust general area cladograms in vicariance biogeography.
• Adherence to the proposed requirements enhances the reliability of biogeographical inferences and understanding of evolutionary history.