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Quantum random number generator using a cloud superconducting quantum computer based on source-independent protocol.

Yuanhao Li1,2, Yangyang Fei3,4, Weilong Wang5,6

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.

Scientific Reports
|December 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a quantum computer scheme for certified random number generation, overcoming noise issues. This method ensures randomness even with errors, enhancing quantum random number generator (QRNG) security.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Computing
  • Cryptography

Background:

  • Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) leverage quantum mechanics for true randomness, crucial for secure information processing.
  • Quantum computers, utilizing superposition, can function as QRNGs but are susceptible to noise, compromising randomness.
  • Existing QRNG schemes face challenges with noise and error certification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel quantum computer-based scheme for certified random number generation.
  • To address noise and error sources affecting randomness in quantum computer implementations.
  • To enhance the security and reliability of quantum random number generation.

Main Methods:

  • A scheme inspired by source-independent QRNGs in optics, adapted for quantum computers.
  • Estimation of the upper bound for superposition state preparation errors to ensure certified randomness.
  • Parameter optimization for finite data sizes to increase the random bit generation rate.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of a certified randomness scheme on IBM's cloud superconducting quantum computers.
  • Successful estimation of superposition state preparation errors, enabling certified randomness.
  • Validated a method to increase the random bit generation rate through parameter optimization.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed scheme provides certified randomness from quantum computers, robust against noise and readout errors.
  • Experimental validation on cloud quantum hardware confirms the scheme's practical applicability.
  • The approach offers a pathway to more secure and efficient quantum random number generation.