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Equity theory explains how our sense of fairness influences the dynamics of close relationships. Rooted in social psychology, the theory posits that individuals evaluate fairness by comparing the ratio of their contributions to the rewards they receive. Relationship satisfaction is highest when these ratios are perceived as balanced between partners, promoting mutual reciprocity and a sense of justice.Equity vs. Equality in RelationshipsEquity is distinct from equality. Fairness does not...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 10, 2025

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Social Equality in an Alternate World.

Daphne Oluwaseun Martschenko

    The Hastings Center Report
    |December 14, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary

    This review argues that while genetic research can inform social equality, its practical application is limited in a world with existing structural inequalities. Focusing on genetics alone may not effectively reduce social disparities.

    Area of Science:

    • Social Sciences
    • Genetics
    • Behavioral Science

    Background:

    • Genetic research has historically been misused to justify social inequalities.
    • Kathryn Paige Harden's book, "The Genetic Lottery," seeks to reframe genetic research on human behavior.
    • The book proposes using genetic insights to understand and improve social equality.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To critically evaluate the argument that genetic research can advance social equality.
    • To analyze the implications of "The Genetic Lottery" within the context of current societal structures.
    • To determine the practical utility of genetic insights for reducing social inequality.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and critical analysis of "The Genetic Lottery."
    • Examination of the intersection between genetic predispositions and social inequality.
    Keywords:
    ELSIbioethicssocial and behavioral genomicssocial equalitysocial inequalitystructural equalitystructural inequalityugly history

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  • Theoretical discussion on the role of genetics in social policy.

    • Main Results:

    • The review finds that Harden's arguments, while theoretically interesting, are not practically applicable in societies with significant structural inequalities.
    • Embracing a political agenda focused on genetics may not effectively address or reduce existing social disparities.
    • The utility of genetic insights for social equality is contingent on the prior dismantling of systemic inequalities.

    Conclusions:

    • Genetic research's potential to enhance social equality is currently overshadowed by pervasive structural inequalities.
    • A focus on genetic factors alone is insufficient for achieving social equity.
    • Addressing social inequality requires tackling structural barriers before leveraging genetic insights effectively.