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Long-term effects of preeclampsia on metabolic and biochemical outcomes in offspring: What can be expected from a

Shilei Bi1, Lizi Zhang2, Lijun Huang1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
|December 15, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Maternal preeclampsia (PE) is linked to increased childhood obesity and higher blood pressure in offspring during puberty. However, no significant differences in blood lipids or glucose metabolism were observed in puberty.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Pediatrics
  • Metabolic Health

Background:

  • Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication with potential long-term health implications for offspring.
  • Understanding these long-term effects is crucial for preventative care and early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the long-term metabolic and biochemical outcomes in offspring exposed to preeclampsia in utero.
  • To synthesize evidence on the association between maternal PE and offspring health conditions like obesity, hypertension, and diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed-Medline, Web of Science, and EMBASE up to June 2021.
  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials, cohort, and case-control studies were performed following PRISMA guidelines.
  • Data extraction and bias assessment were conducted independently by two researchers; pooled effect estimates were calculated using fixed- or random-effects models.

Main Results:

  • Offspring exposed to PE showed an increased risk of obesity (RR 1.45) at a mean age of 9.1 years and higher body mass index (WMD 0.46) from age 10.
  • Pubertal offspring of PE mothers had elevated mean arterial pressure (WMD 1.33), systolic blood pressure (WMD 1.93), and diastolic blood pressure (WMD 1.13).
  • No significant associations were found between PE and offspring's blood lipid profiles, glucose, or insulin levels during puberty, nor an increased risk for type 1 diabetes mellitus under 15 years.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal preeclampsia is associated with increased risk of childhood obesity and hypertension in offspring during puberty.
  • No adverse effects on lipid or glucose metabolism were detected in puberty.
  • PE may increase the risk of central obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus in offspring later in life.

Keywords:
metabolismobesityoffspringpreeclampsia

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