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Does the enriched environment alter memory capacity in malnourished rats by modulating BDNF expression?

Waleska Maria Almeida Barros1,2, Matheus Santos de Sousa Fernandes1, Roberta Karlize Pereira Silva2

  • 1Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Programa de Pos-graduacao em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciencias do Comportamento, Recife, Brasil.

Journal of Applied Biomedicine
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Summary

Early life malnutrition and enriched environments (EE) impact brain development and memory. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a key role in these synaptic plasticity changes in the hippocampus.

Keywords:
BDNFEnriched environmentHippocampal formationMalnutritionMemory, Neural plasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Environmental factors significantly influence neural plasticity and nervous system development.
  • Early-life malnutrition is a major non-genetic factor affecting neurodevelopment.
  • Enriched environments (EE) also modulate neural development, impacting learning and memory areas like the hippocampus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of early malnutrition on memory.
  • To explore the relationship between enriched environments (EE), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene expression, and memory.
  • To examine how early life factors influence adult hippocampal function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on early malnutrition, enriched environments, and neural plasticity.
  • Analysis of research on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene expression.
  • Examination of studies investigating hippocampal function in adult animals exposed to early malnutrition and EE.

Main Results:

  • Early malnutrition and EE can alter hippocampal structure and function, impacting memory and learning.
  • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is implicated in mediating these changes in synaptic plasticity.
  • Reversal effects of EE on malnutrition-induced changes in adult rat hippocampus have been observed.

Conclusions:

  • Synaptic plasticity in the adult hippocampus is influenced by early-life malnutrition and EE.
  • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key regulator in memory processes within the adult hippocampus.
  • These findings highlight the long-term impact of early environmental factors on cognitive function.