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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen. Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or...

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A new plastic receptacle for solid phase immunoassays.

Journal of Immunological Methods

|January 1, 1978

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel plastic device, the through-passage receptacle (TPR), enhances solid phase immunoassay efficiency. This cost-effective innovation improves protein binding and simplifies washing, potentially increasing sensitivity and reducing incubation times.

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Immunological Assays
Materials Science

Background:

Conventional microtiter plates are standard for solid phase immunoassays but have limitations in efficiency and ease of use.
Improving the surface area to volume ratio is crucial for enhancing assay performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and evaluate a new plastic device, the through-passage receptacle (TPR), for solid phase immunoassays.
To compare the performance of the TPR against conventional microtiter plate wells.

Main Methods:

Description of the through-passage receptacle (TPR) design, emphasizing its large surface area to volume ratio.
Comparative analysis of non-specific protein adsorption and specific immunological binding between TPR and microtiter plates.
Evaluation of washing efficiency facilitated by the TPR's gravity flow through-passage.

Main Results:

The TPR demonstrated substantially higher efficiency in both non-specific protein adsorption and specific immunological binding compared to microtiter plate wells.
Washing procedures were significantly easier with the TPR due to its through-passage and gravity flow design.
The TPR offers a large surface area to volume ratio, optimizing binding kinetics.

Conclusions:

The through-passage receptacle (TPR) is a simple, inexpensive, and efficient device for solid phase immunoassays.
The TPR's design facilitates automation, potentially increasing assay sensitivity and decreasing incubation times.
This innovative receptacle offers a significant improvement over conventional methods in immunological assays.