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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 10, 2025

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
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Minimal Incision Technique for Gynecomastia.

Souvik Adhikari1

  • 1Department of Plastic Surgery, IPGME&R and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India.

Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery
|December 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that a single, small nipple incision for gynecomastia surgery (male breast reduction) effectively removes tissue with minimal scarring and high patient satisfaction. It offers a safe alternative for selected patients seeking improved cosmetic results.

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Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Gynecomastia affects many males, often requiring surgery due to limited medical resolution.
  • Surgical treatment for gynecomastia can result in scarring and other cosmetic concerns.
  • Ongoing research aims to refine surgical techniques for optimal outcomes with minimal scarring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of a minimal incision technique for glandular excision in gynecomastia surgery.
  • To reduce visible scarring by employing a single, small incision after liposuction.

Main Methods:

  • Eight patients with Grade IIa gynecomastia underwent surgery using liposuction and gland removal via a single 5-7mm transverse nipple incision.
  • Patient satisfaction was assessed using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale 12 months post-surgery.
Keywords:
Gynecomastialiposuctionmastectomyminimal incisionnipple

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  • Outcomes were compared to patients treated with liposuction and periareolar subcutaneous mastectomy.

    • Main Results:

    • The procedure had a mean operative time of 110 minutes with minimal bleeding and negligible complications.
    • All patients achieved excellent chest contour and restored nipple sensation at 12 months.
    • No statistically significant difference was found between the groups (p=0.64).

    Conclusions:

    • Glandular excision through a single transverse nipple incision is a safe and effective method for selected gynecomastia patients.
    • This technique yields excellent cosmetic results with reduced scarring.
    • Successful outcomes require surgeon patience and meticulous technique.