Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry01:07

Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry

4.3K
This lesson delves into the geometry of a radical, which is influenced by the electronic structure of the molecule. The principle is similar to that of a lone pair, where the unpaired electron influences the geometry at the radical center.
Accordingly, the structure of a trivalent radical lies between the geometries of carbocations and carbanions. An sp2-hybridized carbocation is trigonal planar, while an sp3-hybridized carbanion is trigonal pyramidal. Here, the difference in geometry is...
4.3K
Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects01:10

Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects

2.0K
The presence of electron-donating, electron-withdrawing, or conjugating groups adjacent to a radical center, imparts electronic stabilization to the radicals. Examples of such electronically-stabilized radicals are triphenylmethyl, tetramethylpiperidine‐N‐oxide, and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl. These radicals are remarkably stable and are known as persistent radicals. Some of the persistent radicals can even be isolated and purified.
Along with electronic...
2.0K
Radical Reactivity: Overview01:11

Radical Reactivity: Overview

2.2K
Radicals, the highly reactive species, gain stability by undergoing three different reactions. The first reaction involves a radical-radical coupling, in which a radical combines with another radical, forming a spin‐paired molecule. The second reaction is between a radical and a spin‐paired molecule, generating a new radical and a new spin‐paired molecule. The third reaction is radical decomposition in a unimolecular reaction, forming a new radical and a spin‐paired...
2.2K
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy: Organic Radicals01:17

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy: Organic Radicals

2.8K
Ideally, an unpaired electron shows a single peak in the EPR spectrum due to the transition between the two spin energy states. However, coupling interactions can occur between the spins of the unpaired electron and any neighboring spin-active nuclei. This hyperfine coupling results in hyperfine splitting, where the EPR signal is split into multiplets. The signals split into 2nI + 1 peaks, where n is the number of equivalent nuclei and I is the nuclear spin. These splitting patterns provide...
2.8K
Radical Reactivity: Nucleophilic Radicals01:16

Radical Reactivity: Nucleophilic Radicals

2.2K
Radicals adjacent to electron-donating groups are called nucleophilic radicals. These radicals readily react with electrophilic alkenes. The SOMO–LUMO interactions are the driving force for the reaction, where the high-energy SOMO of the electron-rich, nucleophilic radicals interacts with the low-energy LUMO of the electron-deficient, electrophilic alkenes. Such SOMO–LUMO interactions are the basis of reactive radical traps, affecting the selectivity in radical reactions. For...
2.2K
Radical Reactivity: Intramolecular vs Intermolecular01:33

Radical Reactivity: Intramolecular vs Intermolecular

1.8K
Radical reactions can occur either intermolecularly or intramolecularly. In an intermolecular radical reaction, a nucleophilic radical adds to an electrophilic alkene or vice versa. In such reactions, the radical and generally the alkene, which is also called the radical trap, are two different molecules. Additionally, for such intermolecular reactions to occur, the radical trap must be active, present in an excess concentration, and the radical starting material must have a weak...
1.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Engineering a Thiamine-Dependent Benzoylformate Decarboxylase for Stereodivergent Radical C(sp<sup>3</sup>)-C(sp<sup>3</sup>) Bond Formation.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Boosting Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting Activity of Phosphorene Through Five-Coordinate Passivation Enabled by Carbene Addition.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Isostructural Perylene Diimide-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Efficient Photocatalytic Oxidation of Benzylamines.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Endowing Metal Oxychloride Solid Electrolytes with Improved Li Compatibility.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Investigations on the Multicentered Active Sites of Ziegler-Natta Polypropylene Catalysts through Multi-Models of the MgCl<sub>2</sub> Support.

ACS omega·2026
Same author

Metallo-Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks (MHOFs) Integrating Tunable Spin Crossover Properties and Proton Conduction.

Inorganic chemistry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 10, 2025

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
10:44

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

Published on: April 19, 2019

11.1K

A stable triplet diradical emitter.

Zhongtao Feng1, Yuanyuan Chong2, Shuxuan Tang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China xpwang@nju.edu.cn.

Chemical Science
|December 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers synthesized novel boron-containing diradicals. One stable diradical exhibits a triplet ground state, offering potential for new luminescent materials and organic electronics.

More Related Videos

Scale-up Chemical Synthesis of Thermally-activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters Based on the Dibenzothiophene-S,S-Dioxide Core
08:51

Scale-up Chemical Synthesis of Thermally-activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters Based on the Dibenzothiophene-S,S-Dioxide Core

Published on: October 24, 2017

9.7K
Exploring the Radical Nature of a Carbon Surface by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and a Calibrated Gas Flow
10:34

Exploring the Radical Nature of a Carbon Surface by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and a Calibrated Gas Flow

Published on: April 24, 2014

10.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 10, 2025

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
10:44

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

Published on: April 19, 2019

11.1K
Scale-up Chemical Synthesis of Thermally-activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters Based on the Dibenzothiophene-S,S-Dioxide Core
08:51

Scale-up Chemical Synthesis of Thermally-activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters Based on the Dibenzothiophene-S,S-Dioxide Core

Published on: October 24, 2017

9.7K
Exploring the Radical Nature of a Carbon Surface by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and a Calibrated Gas Flow
10:34

Exploring the Radical Nature of a Carbon Surface by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and a Calibrated Gas Flow

Published on: April 24, 2014

10.9K

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Luminescent molecules are widely studied, but stable triplet ground state emitters are rare.
  • Boron-containing radicals are of interest due to unique electronic structures and semiconductor applications.
  • Neutral boron-containing diradicals with triplet ground states are particularly uncommon.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel neutral boron-containing diradicals.
  • To investigate the electronic structure and magnetic properties of these diradicals.
  • To explore their potential applications in organic electronics and as luminescent materials.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of two distinct borocyclic diradicals (compounds 3 and 4).
  • Experimental characterization using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) and UV-Vis spectroscopy, and SQUID magnetometry.
  • Computational analysis using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations.

Main Results:

  • Compound 3 was identified as an open-shell singlet diradical.
  • Compound 4 was confirmed as a triplet ground state diradical with a significant singlet-triplet gap (0.25 kcal mol⁻¹).
  • Both diradicals exhibit multi-fluorescence peaks, with specific wavelengths reported for each.

Conclusions:

  • Compound 4 is the first reported neutral triplet boron-containing diradical exhibiting strong ferromagnetic interactions.
  • Compound 4 is also the first stable triplet diradical emitter.
  • Compound 3 shows potential for high-density memory device applications due to its multiple redox steps.