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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...

Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications

Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications

Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
Classification of Asthma

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:

Asthma-IV: Nursing Management

Asthma-IV: Nursing Management

The nursing management of asthma is a comprehensive approach that relies heavily on the expertise and dedication of healthcare professionals. It involves thorough assessment, accurate diagnosis, strategic planning, effective implementation, and diligent evaluation. By meticulously following this step-by-step process, healthcare professionals play a crucial role in providing the best possible care and treatment for patients with asthma, enhancing their overall health and well-being.
First, in...

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Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Asthma and COVID-19: an update.

Yochai Adir^1,2, Walid Saliba^2,3, Antoine Beurnier^4,5,6

¹Pulmonary Division, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel adir-sh@zahav.net.il.

European Respiratory Review : an Official Journal of the European Respiratory Society

|December 16, 2021

Summary

Asthma does not increase COVID-19 risk or severity. However, asthma phenotypes and comorbidities influence outcomes, with inhaled corticosteroids showing potential protective effects against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Area of Science:

Pulmonology
Infectious Diseases
Immunology

Background:

Concerns exist regarding asthma patients' risk for COVID-19 infection and severity.
Asthma is not independently associated with increased SARS-CoV-2 risk or severe pneumonia.
No increased risk of asthma exacerbations due to SARS-CoV-2 infection has been observed.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current literature on asthma and COVID-19.
To evaluate the impact of asthma phenotypes and treatments on SARS-CoV-2 outcomes.
To clarify the role of inhaled corticosteroids and biologics in COVID-19 patients with asthma.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies investigating asthma and COVID-19.
Analysis of data on SARS-CoV-2 infection rates, disease severity, and asthma exacerbations.
Examination of the effects of various asthma medications on COVID-19 outcomes.

Main Results:

Asthma is not an independent risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe disease.
Asthma phenotypes, particularly Th2-low inflammation, may increase risk, while Th2-high may be protective.
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are safe and potentially protective; systemic corticosteroids increase risk; biologics do not increase risk.

Conclusions:

Asthma itself does not heighten COVID-19 risk.
Asthma phenotypes and comorbidities are crucial for risk assessment.
ICS are safe for COVID-19 patients with asthma and may offer protection; systemic steroids are detrimental.